cf hartford



F. 0. HOAGLAND; METAL WORKING MACHINE AND METHOD.-

APPLICATION man mm. 1917 Patented Dec. 2,1919.

2 SHEE' sm:n I.

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f llllllllllllll l f n V5 for d A fink/15g I F. 0. HOAGLAND.

.METAL WORKING MACHINE AND METHOD.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 5, WI].

Patented Dec. 2,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEEI 2.

have found the saineof particular advantage cnirnn snares PATE ornicn FRANK O. HOAGLAN 'D, 6F HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR T0 PRATT & WHITNEY COMPANY, OF HARTFORD, CONN ECTIGUT, ACQRPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

META -WQRKING MACHINE .aivn METHOD.

7 Specification of L etters latent. v

- PatentedDec.2,1919.

Application filed April 5, 1917. Serial No. 159,883.

lVorking Machines and Methods, of which the following is a specification.

Both the machine and the method can be sed in widely-different arts, although I the production of a. bullet such for illus- V's-ration as is used in small arms. By the machine or apparatus and the method I secure ,a product, the longitudlnal axis of which passes through the center of gravity thereof and which is peripherally smooth and free of protrusions. These are highly important factors in. a great many fields, but especially in the ordnance art to which my invention is primarily directed. A projectile or bullet which is balanced and which has a smooth outer surface will accurately follow a predetermined trajectory or path. As will be inferred, articles of divers character can be produced by the machine and the method, although it will be clear that both are of high efficiency in the production of a bullet especially one of the type used in small arms such as a rifle or pistol. Necessarilyv the blank initially has upon its surface one or more excrescences, and these I remove, the

result being as already stated a product WillCll 1s circuniferentially smooth. In the operation by the machine the surface roughnesses are entirely obliterated and, what is more important, the resultant article is perfectly or practically perfectly balanced longitudinally. The machine comprises mechanisin for supporting a blank and for applying succession of blows to the blank upon its surface. This result I can obtain in any (we of various ways. For instance while the blank is being supported it can be turned alniut its axis, generally its longitudinal axis, and there can be applied to its outer surface a large number of percussive effects which are usually exerted throughout the length of the blank of whatever character the same may be.

I have referred to the fact that in the practice of my invention a blank of suitable character is provided. The nature of the blank will depend in a n'ieasure. if not alto- .er, upon the ultimate article. While I have also referred to the point that both the machine, and method are: capable ofwide use, I willdescribe the same,.however, as

adapted for the production of a bullet, The

blank for this article can be produced in any desirable manner. In the case'ofa bullet this blank is approximately parabolic in cross section, being; longitudinally tapered to produce a small end or practically a point and 'a slightly larger 5 opposite end. 1 This, however,3is merely one shape. I so treat the blank that the finished article will. be as nearly as-possible balanced so that the longitudinal axisior other desired line will pass through the center of gravity of the article,

which is a consideration of some impor-Y tance. Another object, as already suggested,

which I accomplish-is theelimination of surface protrusions, the result being that the product is smooth or free of projections. As a resultof the first condition, the bullet will I definitely follow a defined or prescribed path, th s fact being naturally aided by the condition that the surface of the bullet is quite smooth.

In the drawings accompanying and forming part of the present specification I have shown in detail one of the several possible forms of mechanism embodying the mechanical features ofthe invention and adapted for the practice of the method. 7 I do not restrict myself to this particular showing and I may depart therefrom both. as to the machine or apparatus and as to the method within the scope of the appended claims. Referring to the drawings: Figurel is a plan View of a pair of rollers,

a supply hopper, asuppOrting device and certain cooperating parts, some of these parts being shown in section; J

Fig. 2 is a face view of the rollers, their adjacent portions being broken away, this view also showing the supporting device and a blank held thereby between the rollers.

Figs. 3 and t are developed views of portions of thcrollers shown in Figs. 1 and 2, respectively. r

Fig. 5 is. a. transverse sectional View which may be considered as taken through the peripheral portion of either one of the rollers. Fig. 6 1s a vertical sect onal vlew'of an organized machlne.

Fig. 7 is a detail view of the supplying device and certain cooperatingparts.

ferr 111 te to the drawi gs, t

ancl'is virtually parabolic to conform to numerals 2 and 3 represent two coacting rollers rotatable about parallel axes which may be horizontal vertical or other is-e. is illustrated these rollers ar, fastened to the inner ends of hor'zontally disposed shafts as l and for rotation therewith. Preferably the rollers result can be obtained '11 any nor for instance by the inei represented the shafts st and 5 have fixed thereto spur gears 6 and 7 in mesh With an intermediate pin on 8 fixed to a adapter to ro ated in any deslrablinai ner generally by suitable power W iich may be a belt or electric inotcix In the construction shown the rollers 2 and 3 turn at the same peripheral speeds as will be seen by an inspection of the already noted. Their peripheries are separated as shown by Figs. 1 and 2, and the blanks are initially entered between the rollers at the converging si es of the throat thereof. The roller 2 has upon its periph ry a succession of cornparatively closely arranged ribs (1' teeth 10, While the periphery of the roller 3, has a similar set of ribs or teeth 11. Prt ribs or. teeth 10 are diagonal or 'cbliqre to the axis of the roller 2,as shown while the l in the direction of the axis of the roller 3] oss sectionally,

ribs or teeth 11 extend however, the appearance 0 the ribs or teethv 10 and 11 is practically the same as is shown by Fig. 5 which niignt represent either the roller 2 or 3. It will be appa'rentthat the outer portions of the ribs are not angular but are rounded so as to avoid any cutting of the metal of the blank. The transverse curve or the two rollers 2 and 3 l have se lected for illustration is practically the same the shape of the bullet. The throat portion of? the rollers as a matter of coni'enience is denoted by 12, \vl ile the discharge side of the rollers is d noted by 13. The straight arrow in Fig. 2 indicates the direction traversed by the blank which is positively ted into the throat space betvwen the rollers and is then conducted therefrom. The neans whereby this result can be obtained will ter set forth.

The framework of the machine is denoted in a general way by 1%, and it ha suitable hearings to suoport the rollers 22 and i3 and their adjuncts. In addition to this (be mine carries a chute as 15 into which the blanks are placed and rom Vfhlfjrl they 1 pushed by a rod 16 movable in a] earing 17 on the ranievvork of the machine. A. lever 18 operated by a earn 19 on a main operating shaft 20 serves to recipro ate the rod lo. This rod 16 is operated at the propr t by means of the cam 19 to push a blank i the magrz'ne 15 into a snpportii such as that denoted in a general The supporting device carries the two rollers 2 and 3. and this be hereinat passing through the axes oi rotation of the k The supporting device vn co,-,n?rise.--' a relatively lined jaw z. swingin jaw 23 of right a'ig'ila' shanc. T he head the two elements 22 and 23 are thin or paratively thin, :1 g in an case thinner than the minimum thickness of the blank.

21 as she 22 and portions of lVhen in operatire relation as shown for in stance by full lines in Fig. 6, the elements and23 are adapted. to receive a blank 25 between their concaved seats 24.. The shank the member 22 is rigidly connected with Clll c: r r head such as a vertically reciprocable slide 26 While the shank of c 23 horizontally pivotedto the ide. To L as carrier is pivotally connectee or link-2T. it itsloner end the red 2 pivotally connected with ore end o a hnl or lord/27 the other end of the lever being pivot-ally connected to a bracket 27 carr1edby the main frame. arried by the lever 2 between its ends is a rd .8

upwa d, this holdintunes in engagement earn 29.

gether with the pporting device 21. is regularly reclprocetcd vertically in v 1; \L elation with the inovanent ot the nnsher rod T he motions the parts axe s) timed that the rod 1 pushes a blank into t 1e suping device vsha-inever the lZttQl rea hes shown in F59. b.

ts uppermost positioin es 0 At this time t' actions 22 and 23 are in the relative po ion shown by tell lines in being yieldinglv held by a spring 3 0 them. The blank Which is pushed by th rod 16 tron] the chute 15 is space ietiveen the conta n.

seats .rl ds of the elements 22 and 23. ll hen this accomplished the slit e 26 is moved downiva d y the c; in 29 and i ollows the direction of the arrow shown in 2. The blank thus ltnced into the throat of the '2 lers and being carried lac ween them and coming ott in finished mane. litter the finished article has passed bet -een the rollers 52 and 3,. he tail of the Tires a trip or stop e companion member 22- the slide 26, to

practically i as shownby dotted lines in Fig. 6 and thus permit the product to pass into the hopper 36 and roll down the chute 7 To facilitate the separation oi the finished article from the sections or jaws 22 and 23, it may strike an ejector 38 connected to the slide 26. I This action takes place immediately afte the jaw portions of the parts 22 and 22-? ha we been separated in the manner already set forth.

in operation, the two rollers aud3 are continuously rotated inopposite directions by means of the drive shaft 9 and the gears 8, Hand '7. The shaft 20 is thrown into action so as to causethe rod 16 to enter the lower end of the chute 15 and to push therefrom the lowermost projectile blank -with the small end forward. This blank is thus moved into the space between the concave seats 24 of the members 22 and 23, then in the position shown in Fig. (3. ili hen the blank is seated between the parts and the entire device 21 is given a movement as already described, so as to cary the'blank therewith into, through ant ii in the throat of the rollers 2 and 3. The rollers are rapidly rotated, the result being that they apply blows in rapid succession to the sur- "face of the blank. These blows are delivered tangentially opposite sides of the blank and preferably in opposite directions. The blows are applied at gradually decreas ing radii, this decrease being effected. in he cn'ibodiment shown, by moving L -HQ blank into the converging sides ofthe throat of the rollers. The finished article is discharged into the hopper 36 from which it passes into the chute 37 to be disposed of as desired. Y

It will be evident that the rollers 2 and 3 are not in contact. the minimum space between them being )ractically equal to the minimum diameter of the finished product. When the blank enters between the two rollers, it encounters the peripheral ribs 10 and'll which to the rotation of the rollers apply to the blank a rapid succession of blows. turning of the blank about its longitudinal axis so that all parts of its circuinfer are brought under the action or" the ribs 10 and 11 to thus not only smooth the blank and free it of all objectionable projections, but also to insure a uniform, oven'distribution of the metal oi the blank about the longitudinal center line thereof. The result is that when the diameter ofthe blank is reduced to the requisite extent. the longitudinal aXis w ll e 'tlv intersect or near as is practically Ssiblc the center of gravity of the bullet. By reason of the latter tact the bullet definitely follow? a desired path. During the reducing action the bl auk properly held between theiparts 92 and of the supporting device which ositivel conduct 1 it between the two These blows result in the rollers, the supporting device 21 does not restrict the free rotation of the blank-between the rollers but it doesiipreventany considerable bodily movement of theblank under the influence of the blows applied by the rollers. r I

What I claim is: 1. The hereindescribed production of a bullet. ronsisting in turn ing abullet blank about-i. ongitudinal axis in applying tangential blo'i s in rapid succession; to the blankthroughout its tire length, and in supporting the blank against bodily movement 1 under the ence of the blows. p I y I V 2. The hereindesoribed.meth d; for, the production of a bullet, consisting iii-turning a bullet blank about its longitudinal axis. in app ying tangential blows in rapid succession to the blank at opposite sides thereof and throughout the entire lengtln and in supporting the blank against bodily lore ment under the influenceiottlie blows.

.1. I p p urnip bullet blank about its longitudinal a applying oppositely directed tangential blows-in rapid succession to the blank at opposite sides thereof and throughout 'the entire length, and in supporting the blank against bodily movement. under the influeuce of the blows. Y

il. The hereiiidescribe-cl method for tl 7 production of a bulletlcoi istiug iii-turning a bullet blank about its'longitudinal axis, in applying tangential blows in rap id succession to the blank throughout its entire length at gradually decreasing radii and in supporting the blank against bodily move} ment under the influence oitthe blows.

5. The hereindeseribed method; for the production of a bullet. consistinglin turning;

.bullet blank about its longitudinal a in applying tangential blows in rapid su cession to the blank at opposite sidestheresof and throughout the entire length". at gradually decreasing radin and in supporting the blank against bodily movement 'uu- 'dcr the influence of the blows. V

6. In a bullet making machine,the combination of means for applying tangential blows in rapid succession to a bullet blank, and supporting means for the blank holding it against bodily movement under the in fluence or" the blows but permitting itto ro tate about its longitudinalaxis.

7. In a bullet making machine, the combination of means for applying tangential blows in rapid succession to a bullet blank method the Y bination of means for applying tangential blows in rapid succession to a bullet blank at opposite sides thereof and in opposite directions, and supporting means for the blank holding it against bodily movement under the influence of the blows but permitting it to rotate about its longitudinal axis.

9. In a bullet making machine, the combination of means for applying tangential blows in rapid succession toa bullet blank at opposite sides thereof, and supporting means engaging the blank externally between the points of application of the blows, the supporting means holding the blank against bodily movement under the influence of the blows but permitting it to rotate about its longitudinal axis.

10. In a bullet making machine, the combination of means for applying tangential blows in rapid succession to a bullet blank at opposite sides thereof and at gradually decreasing radii, and supporting means for .the blank holding it against bodily movement under the influence of the blows but permitting it to rotate about it longitudinal axis.

11. In a bullet making machine, the com- 'bination of two ribbed rollers rotatable about approximately parallel axes, and means engaging a bullet blank at opposite sides and serving to support it between the rollers in position to be engaged by both of them, the said supporting means serving to hold the blank against bodily movement under the influence of the rollers.

12. In a bullet making machine, the combination of two ribbed rollers rotatable about approximately parallel axes, the rollers being longitudinally shaped to conform to the required shape of the bullet, and means for supporting a bullet blank between the rollers inposition to be engaged by both of them, the said supporting means serving to hold the blank against bodily movement under the influence of the rollers.

13. In a bullet making machine, the combination of two ribbed rollers rotatable about approximately parallel axes, ribs on one roller being inclined with respect to the axis of the roller, and means for supporting a bullet blank between the rollers in position to be engaged by both of them, the said supporting means serving to hold the blank approach each other as the diameter of the blank is reduced.

15. In a machine of the class described, the combination of two rollers rotatable about approximately parallel axes, means for supporting a bullet blank between the rollers in position to be engaged by both of them, the said supporting means serving to hold the blank against bodily movement under the influence of the rollers, and means for causing a relative approaching movement between the blank and the throat of the rollers, whereby the two lines of engagement between the respective rollers and the blank approach each other as the diameter of the blank is reduced.

16. In a machine of the class described, the combination of two rollers rotatable about approximately parallel axes, means for supporting a bullet blank between the rollers in position to be engaged by both of them, the said supporting means serving to hold the blank against bodily movement under the influence of the rollers, and means for moving the support to move the blank toward the throat of the rollers, thereby causing the two lines of engagement between the respective rollers and the blank to approach each other as the diameter of the blank is reduced.

17. In a machine of the class described, the combination of two rollers rotatable about approximately parallel axes, means for supporting a bullet blank between the rollers in position to be engaged by both of them, the said supporting means serving to hold the blank against bodily movement under the influence of the rollers, automatic means for successively supplying a blank to the supporting means, and automatic means for successively discharging the finished blanks from the supporting means.

18. In a machine of the class described, the combination of two rollers rotatable about approximately parallel axes, a twopart device for supporting a bullet blank between the rollers in position to be engaged by both or them, the said supporting means serving to hold the blank against bodily movement under the influence of the rollers, and means for moving one of the parts of the supporting device relatively to the other to permit the supplying and discharging of blanks.

19. In a machine of the class described, the combination of two rollers rotatable about approximately parallel axes, a twopart device for supporting a bullet blank be tween the rollers in position to be engaged by both of them, the said supporting means serving to hold the blank against bodily movement under the influence of the rollers, a reciprocating head for carrying the supporting device toward and fromthe throat of the rollers, and a trip adapted to separate the parts of the supporting device at each reciprocation of the head to permit the supplying and discharging of blanks.

20. In a machine of the class described, the combination of two rollers V rotatable about approximately parallel axes, a twopart device for supporting a bullet blank between the rollers in position to be engaged by both of them, the said supporting means serving to hold the blank against bodily movement under the influence of the rollers, means for moving one of the parts of the supporting device relatively to the other to permit the supplying and discharging of blanks, and means for automatically supplying a blank to the supporting device at each reciprocation.

21. In a. machine of the class described,

the combination of two rollers rotatable about approximately parallel axes, a twopart device for supporting a bullet blank be tween the rollers in position to be engaged by both of them, the said supporting means serving to hold the blank againstbodily movement under the influence of the rollers, means for moving one of the parts of the supporting device relatively to the other'to permit the supplying and discharging of blanks, and an ejector for effecting the discharge of finished blanks.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

FRANK O. HOAGLAND. Witnesses: I

HERBERT S. BULLARD, HEATH SUTHERLAND. 

